<page>041r</page>
<image>http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10500001g/f87.image</image>
<div>
<id>p041r_01</id>
<head><m>Terre de gect</m> pour les <pro>fondeurs</pro></head>
<ab>Elle se rend grace estant battue et meslee aussy de <m>fient<lb/>
de <al>cheval</al></m> La <m>terre des <pro>potiers</pro></m> seroict trop grasse et<lb/>
se fendroict & ne tiendroit pas au foeu Mays il la fault<lb/>
mesler de la moictie de sable et de la quarte ou cinquiesme de <m>fiens<lb/>
<comment> inserted on the right beneath the line of text
CourHome
June 17, 2014 11:28 PM </comment>de <al>cheval</al></m><lb/>
Et la laisser seicher puys la mectre en pouldre puys la<lb/>
tamiser pour la rendre subtile & purgee du gravier qui<lb/>
empescheroit de gecter nect Le <m>fiens</m> rend la <m>terre</m> plus amiable<lb/>
& plus traictable mays il fault quil soict bien nect de <m>pailles</m> &<lb/>
aultres choses Et quand la <m>terre</m> est grasse bien fort il luy fault<lb/>
donner plus de sable & plus de <m>fiens</m> <comment> Apparently author's addition (crammed above following title)
Marc Smith
June 18, 2014 7:55 AM </comment>Mays il se trouve des <m>terres</m><lb/>
grasses meslees delles mesmes de sable Si elles ne le sont fais le par<lb/>
artifice Il fault tousjours recuire les <m>terres</m> plustost que jecter</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_02</id>
<head>Lis de jardin</head>
<ab>Si on le romp a sa premiere gecte & il ne reboutte & florist<lb/>
que lan suivant & croy que les herbes bulbeuses font ainsy</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_03</id>
<head>Sable</head>
<ab>Le sable doibt <comment> This comment can be deleted since we now add deleted words in square brackets with strike out.
CourHome
June 18, 2014 1:30 AM </comment><comment> a crossed out word here
CourHome
June 18, 2014 1:30 AM </comment>estre <del>jecte</del> pour gecter choisi non pas si aride<lb/>
quil naye poinct de prise Ne trop gras aussy Et combien quil<lb/>
sen trouve de naturel Touteffois ce nest pas par tout Et si<lb/>
tu es en lieu quil ne sen trouve poinct Tu le peulx composer Mays<lb/>
non pas avecq <m>terre</m> grasse car le sable nen veult aulcunem{ent} car<lb/>
elle faict soufler bien fort Mays tu luy peulx donner liaison<lb/>
avecq de la <m>brique</m> fort broyee sur le <m>mable</m> ou <m>plastre</m> ou <m>albastre<lb/> calcine</m> ou chose semblable ou <m>moelle de corne de <al>boeuf</al></m> bruslee<lb/>
ou <m>aspalte</m> brusle parmy Si tu le broyes bien subtillem{ent} sur<lb/>
le <m>porphire</m> il <del>s</del> adquiert prinse & puys tu le peulx brusler<lb/>
avecq <m>aspalte</m> ou le mesler dune quarte partye de <m>tripoly</m> Garde<lb/>
quil ne tumbe de <m>pain</m> dans ton sable Car cela faict fort<lb/>
soufler</ab>
<note>
<margin>left-middle</margin>
Essaye de mesler<lb/>
du noir a noircy</note></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_04</id>
<head><al>Canards</al></head>
<ab>Les domestiques petits ne croissent dun moys apres quilz sont<lb/>
esclos ains demeurent en cest estat Mays apres ilz croissent bien tost<lb/>
mesmem{ent} silz vont dans leau On les nourrist avecq du <m>grain de mil</m><lb/>
bouilly leur esmiant parmy du <m>pain</m> et y espandant des <m>laictues</m><lb/>
fort hachees</ab></div>
<page>041r</page>
<image>http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10500001g/f87.image</image>
<div>
<id>p041r_01</id>
<head><m>Terre de gect</m> pour les <pro>fondeurs</pro></head>
<ab>Elle se rend grace estant battue et meslée aussy de <m>fient<lb/>
de <al>cheval</al></m>. La <m>terre des <pro>potiers</pro></m> seroict trop grasse et<lb/>
se fendroict & ne tiendroit pas au foeu, mays il la fault<lb/>
mesler de la moictié de sable, et de la quarte ou cinquiesme de <m>fiens<lb/>
de <al>cheval</al></m>.<lb/>
Et la laisser seicher, puys la mectre en pouldre, puys la<lb/>
tamiser pour la rendre subtile & purgée du gravier qui<lb/>
empescheroit de gecter nect. Le <m>fiens</m> rend la <m>terre</m> plus amiable<lb/>
& plus traictable, mays il fault qu’il soict bien nect de <m>pailles</m> &<lb/>
aultres choses. Et quand la <m>terre</m> est grasse bien fort, il luy fault<lb/>
donner plus de sable & plus de <m>fiens</m>. Mays il se trouve des <m>terres</m><lb/>
grasses meslées d’elles mesmes de sable. Si elles ne le sont, fais le par<lb/>
artifice. Il fault tousjours recuire les <m>terres</m> plustost que jecter</ab>.</div>
<div>
<id>p041r_02</id>
<head>Lis de jardin</head>
<ab>Si on le romp à sa premiere gecte & il ne reboutte & florist<lb/>
que l’an suivant, & croy que les herbes bulbeuses font ainsy</ab>.</div>
<div>
<id>p041r_03</id>
<head>Sable</head>
<ab>Le sable doibt estre pour gecter choisi, non pas si aride<lb/>
qu’il n’aye poinct de prise, ne trop gras aussy. Et combien qu’il<lb/>
s’en trouve de naturel, touteffois ce n’est pas par tout. Et si<lb/>
tu es en lieu qu’il ne s’en trouve poinct, tu le peulx composer. Mays<lb/>
non pas avecq <m>terre</m> grasse, car le sable n’en veult aulcunem{ent}, car<lb/>
elle faict soufler bien fort. Mays tu luy peulx donner liaison<lb/>
avecq de la <m>brique</m> fort broyée sur le <m>mable</m> ou <m>plastre</m> ou <m>albastre<lb/>
calciné</m> ou chose semblable ou <m>moelle de corne de <al>boeuf</al></m> bruslée<lb/>
ou <m>aspalte</m> bruslé parmy. Si tu le broyes bien subtillem{ent} sur<lb/>
le <m>porphire</m>, il adquiert prinse & puys tu le peulx brusler<lb/>
avecq <m>aspalte</m> ou le mesler d’une quarte partye de <m>tripoly</m>. Garde<lb/>
qu’il ne tumbe de <m>pain</m> dans ton sable, car cela faict fort<lb/>
soufler.</ab>
<note>
<margin>left-middle</margin>
Essaye de mesler<lb/>
du noir à noircy.</note></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_04</id>
<head><al>Canards</al></head>
<ab>Les domestiques petits ne croissent d’un moys aprés qu’ilz sont<lb/>
esclos, ains demeurent en c’est estat. Mays aprés ilz croissent bien tost,<lb/>
mesmem{ent} s’ilz vont dans l’eau, on les nourrist avecq du <m>grain de mil</m><lb/>
bouilly leur esmiant parmy du <m>pain</m> et y espandant des <m>laictues</m><lb/>
fort hachées</ab>.</div>
<page>041r</page>
<image>http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10500001g/f87.image</image>
<div>
<id>p041r_01</id>
<head><m>Casting earth</m><b> </b>for <pro>founders</pro></head>
<ab>It becomes
<comment> During this period, there is the concept of thin and fat soil (according to discussion with Dr. Pamela Smith). In this period way of thinking about material: lean—dry and brittle fat—softer, maleable, more rich CourHome June 17, 2014 1:58 AM </comment>
fat by being beaten and also mixed with <m><al>horse</al> manure</m>. <m><pro>Potter</pro>’s earth</m> would be too soft and would break and wouldn’t resist the fire. But [your
<comment> That would be fine but it is plural in places--earths seems awkward and not very clear. I prefer soil. Best, Tamara Sent on the new Sprint Network from my Samsung Galaxy S®4. CourHome June 18, 2014 8:38 AM </comment>
<comment> I would keep the same word, so earth? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 8:09 AM </comment><comment> Terre here could be translated "earth." I also wondered if "mud" would be better. But soyle is in Cotgrave under terre. CourHome June 18, 2014 8:38 AM </comment>
soil] has to be mixed with one half of sand<b> </b>
<comment> So the soil and sand would be half and half with an additional 1/4 or 1/5 of horse manure? CourHome June 17, 2014 5:51 AM </comment>
and a quarter or a fifth of <m><al>horse</al> manure</m>. And leave it to dry, then reduce it to powder, then put it through a sieve to make it fine and free from gravel, which would prevent it from casting
<comment> or cleanly? "nect" is used with this specific meaning throughout the text Mart Smith June 18, 2014 8:11 AM </comment>
neatly. The <m>manure</m> makes the <m>earth</m> more amenable [to casting] & easier to work with, but it should be free of <m>straw</m> and other things. And when the<b> </b><m>earth</m> is very fat, you have to add more sand and more <m>manure</m>. But one does find fat <m>soils</m>
<comment> Yes, that would work I think. Also, Pamela prefers earth and she would have a better sense of period usage so let's use earth and varieties of earth. -T -- Tamara Caulkins PhD Student, History of Science Oregon State University Corvallis, OR (509) 607-0491 cell CourHome June 18, 2014 4:53 PM </comment>
<comment> hmm, good point — varieties of earth? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:29 AM </comment>
<comment> I've translated this as soils, since it is plural in the French (terres). Earths plural doesn't make sense to me. CourHome June 18, 2014 4:53 PM </comment>
[that are] naturally mixed with sand. If they are not, make them so artificially. One should always cook the<b> </b><m>soils</m><b> </b>again before casting.</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_02</id>
<head>Garden lily</head>
<ab>If it is broken during its first blossom, it will not grow or bloom until the following year, and I believe it is the same for bulbous flowers [in general].</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_03</id>
<head>Sand</head>
<ab>The sand to be used for casting should be chosen such that it is not too dry for it won’t hold together, nor should it be too <comment> See comment above re: thin and fat. CourHome June 17, 2014 9:54 PM </comment>fat. And although you find some in nature, however, it is not everywhere. And if you are in a place where it is not found, you can put it together yourself but not from fat <m>earth</m>, because the sand should contain none at all, since it causes a lot of <comment> Needs to be decided for the whole text. Means air bubbles in the metal being cast (not in the sand) — see below Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:29 AM </comment>air bubbles. But you can make a
<comment> Oh, binding is good! I like it.-T -- Tamara Caulkins PhD Student, History of Science Oregon State University Corvallis, OR (509) 607-0491 cell CourHome June 18, 2014 4:53 PM</comment>
<comment> correct meaning, but not sure about the word. More like "make it bind better / more binding"? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:35 AM </comment>
<comment> Liaison in Cotgrave can be translated as connexion--I assume this means getting the materials to mix well. CourHome June 18, 2014 4:51 PM </comment>
connection by mixing it with <m>brick</m> well ground on <m>marble</m>, or <m>plaster</m> or <m>calcinated alabaster</m> or something similar, or the<b> </b><m>burned marrow of <al>ox</al> horn</m> or burned <m>asphalt</m>. If you grind it quite finely on <m>porphyry</m>,<b> </b>it
<comment> your earlier transl. "to hold together" was better put than my explanation, so I'm repeating it here Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:28 AM </comment>
<comment> It becomes less liquid, like cement hardening, according to Mark Smith. CourHome June 18, 2014 9:28 AM </comment>
holds together better & then you can burn it with <m>asphalt</m><b> </b>or mix it with a quarter of <m>tripoli</m>. Make sure no <m>bread</m><b> </b>falls into your sand because this causes a lot of
<comment> (see above) Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:15 AM </comment>
<comment> Soufler --means air is being mixed in. This causes expansion and/or bubbles or porosity which makes the material brittle, according to Peta Motture and Pamela Smith. Cotgrave defines it as puffed out. CourHome June 18, 2014 9:15 AM </comment>
air bubbles.</ab>
<note>
<margin>left-middle</margin>
Try mixing in
<comment> which I have changed to suit myself :) Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:27 AM </comment>
<comment> See note in Principles of Translation. CourHome June 18, 2014 9:27 AM </comment>
soot black.</note></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_04</id>
<head><al>Ducks</al></head>
<ab>Young domestic ones do not grow for a month after hatching but remain in this state. But after, they soon grow up, even if they go into the water. They are fed boiled<b> </b><m>millet seeds</m>,
<comment> or grain? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:32 AM </comment>
to which are added crumbled<b> </b><m>bread</m> and finely chopped <m>lettuce</m>.</ab></div>
<page>041r</page>
<image>http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10500001g/f87.image</image>
<div>
<id>p041r_01</id>
<head><m>Terre de gect</m> pour les <pro>fondeurs</pro></head>
<ab>Elle se rend grace estant battue et meslee aussy de <m>fient<lb/>
de <al>cheval</al></m> La <m>terre des <pro>potiers</pro></m> seroict trop grasse et<lb/>
se fendroict & ne tiendroit pas au foeu Mays il la fault<lb/>
mesler de la moictie de sable et de la quarte ou cinquiesme de <m>fiens<lb/>
<comment> inserted on the right beneath the line of text
CourHome
June 17, 2014 11:28 PM </comment>de <al>cheval</al></m><lb/>
Et la laisser seicher puys la mectre en pouldre puys la<lb/>
tamiser pour la rendre subtile & purgee du gravier qui<lb/>
empescheroit de gecter nect Le <m>fiens</m> rend la <m>terre</m> plus amiable<lb/>
& plus traictable mays il fault quil soict bien nect de <m>pailles</m> &<lb/>
aultres choses Et quand la <m>terre</m> est grasse bien fort il luy fault<lb/>
donner plus de sable & plus de <m>fiens</m> <comment> Apparently author's addition (crammed above following title)
Marc Smith
June 18, 2014 7:55 AM </comment>Mays il se trouve des <m>terres</m><lb/>
grasses meslees delles mesmes de sable Si elles ne le sont fais le par<lb/>
artifice Il fault tousjours recuire les <m>terres</m> plustost que jecter</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_02</id>
<head>Lis de jardin</head>
<ab>Si on le romp a sa premiere gecte & il ne reboutte & florist<lb/>
que lan suivant & croy que les herbes bulbeuses font ainsy</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_03</id>
<head>Sable</head>
<ab>Le sable doibt <comment> This comment can be deleted since we now add deleted words in square brackets with strike out.
CourHome
June 18, 2014 1:30 AM </comment><comment> a crossed out word here
CourHome
June 18, 2014 1:30 AM </comment>estre <del>jecte</del> pour gecter choisi non pas si aride<lb/>
quil naye poinct de prise Ne trop gras aussy Et combien quil<lb/>
sen trouve de naturel Touteffois ce nest pas par tout Et si<lb/>
tu es en lieu quil ne sen trouve poinct Tu le peulx composer Mays<lb/>
non pas avecq <m>terre</m> grasse car le sable nen veult aulcunem{ent} car<lb/>
elle faict soufler bien fort Mays tu luy peulx donner liaison<lb/>
avecq de la <m>brique</m> fort broyee sur le <m>mable</m> ou <m>plastre</m> ou <m>albastre<lb/> calcine</m> ou chose semblable ou <m>moelle de corne de <al>boeuf</al></m> bruslee<lb/>
ou <m>aspalte</m> brusle parmy Si tu le broyes bien subtillem{ent} sur<lb/>
le <m>porphire</m> il <del>s</del> adquiert prinse & puys tu le peulx brusler<lb/>
avecq <m>aspalte</m> ou le mesler dune quarte partye de <m>tripoly</m> Garde<lb/>
quil ne tumbe de <m>pain</m> dans ton sable Car cela faict fort<lb/>
soufler</ab>
<note>
<margin>left-middle</margin>
Essaye de mesler<lb/>
du noir a noircy</note></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_04</id>
<head><al>Canards</al></head>
<ab>Les domestiques petits ne croissent dun moys apres quilz sont<lb/>
esclos ains demeurent en cest estat Mays apres ilz croissent bien tost<lb/>
mesmem{ent} silz vont dans leau On les nourrist avecq du <m>grain de mil</m><lb/>
bouilly leur esmiant parmy du <m>pain</m> et y espandant des <m>laictues</m><lb/>
fort hachees</ab></div>
<page>041r</page>
<image>http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10500001g/f87.image</image>
<div>
<id>p041r_01</id>
<head><m>Terre de gect</m> pour les <pro>fondeurs</pro></head>
<ab>Elle se rend grace estant battue et meslée aussy de <m>fient<lb/>
de <al>cheval</al></m>. La <m>terre des <pro>potiers</pro></m> seroict trop grasse et<lb/>
se fendroict & ne tiendroit pas au foeu, mays il la fault<lb/>
mesler de la moictié de sable, et de la quarte ou cinquiesme de <m>fiens<lb/>
de <al>cheval</al></m>.<lb/>
Et la laisser seicher, puys la mectre en pouldre, puys la<lb/>
tamiser pour la rendre subtile & purgée du gravier qui<lb/>
empescheroit de gecter nect. Le <m>fiens</m> rend la <m>terre</m> plus amiable<lb/>
& plus traictable, mays il fault qu’il soict bien nect de <m>pailles</m> &<lb/>
aultres choses. Et quand la <m>terre</m> est grasse bien fort, il luy fault<lb/>
donner plus de sable & plus de <m>fiens</m>. Mays il se trouve des <m>terres</m><lb/>
grasses meslées d’elles mesmes de sable. Si elles ne le sont, fais le par<lb/>
artifice. Il fault tousjours recuire les <m>terres</m> plustost que jecter</ab>.</div>
<div>
<id>p041r_02</id>
<head>Lis de jardin</head>
<ab>Si on le romp à sa premiere gecte & il ne reboutte & florist<lb/>
que l’an suivant, & croy que les herbes bulbeuses font ainsy</ab>.</div>
<div>
<id>p041r_03</id>
<head>Sable</head>
<ab>Le sable doibt estre pour gecter choisi, non pas si aride<lb/>
qu’il n’aye poinct de prise, ne trop gras aussy. Et combien qu’il<lb/>
s’en trouve de naturel, touteffois ce n’est pas par tout. Et si<lb/>
tu es en lieu qu’il ne s’en trouve poinct, tu le peulx composer. Mays<lb/>
non pas avecq <m>terre</m> grasse, car le sable n’en veult aulcunem{ent}, car<lb/>
elle faict soufler bien fort. Mays tu luy peulx donner liaison<lb/>
avecq de la <m>brique</m> fort broyée sur le <m>mable</m> ou <m>plastre</m> ou <m>albastre<lb/>
calciné</m> ou chose semblable ou <m>moelle de corne de <al>boeuf</al></m> bruslée<lb/>
ou <m>aspalte</m> bruslé parmy. Si tu le broyes bien subtillem{ent} sur<lb/>
le <m>porphire</m>, il adquiert prinse & puys tu le peulx brusler<lb/>
avecq <m>aspalte</m> ou le mesler d’une quarte partye de <m>tripoly</m>. Garde<lb/>
qu’il ne tumbe de <m>pain</m> dans ton sable, car cela faict fort<lb/>
soufler.</ab>
<note>
<margin>left-middle</margin>
Essaye de mesler<lb/>
du noir à noircy.</note></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_04</id>
<head><al>Canards</al></head>
<ab>Les domestiques petits ne croissent d’un moys aprés qu’ilz sont<lb/>
esclos, ains demeurent en c’est estat. Mays aprés ilz croissent bien tost,<lb/>
mesmem{ent} s’ilz vont dans l’eau, on les nourrist avecq du <m>grain de mil</m><lb/>
bouilly leur esmiant parmy du <m>pain</m> et y espandant des <m>laictues</m><lb/>
fort hachées</ab>.</div>
<page>041r</page>
<image>http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10500001g/f87.image</image>
<div>
<id>p041r_01</id>
<head><m>Casting earth</m><b> </b>for <pro>founders</pro></head>
<ab>It becomes
<comment> During this period, there is the concept of thin and fat soil (according to discussion with Dr. Pamela Smith). In this period way of thinking about material: lean—dry and brittle fat—softer, maleable, more rich CourHome June 17, 2014 1:58 AM </comment>
fat by being beaten and also mixed with <m><al>horse</al> manure</m>. <m><pro>Potter</pro>’s earth</m> would be too soft and would break and wouldn’t resist the fire. But [your
<comment> That would be fine but it is plural in places--earths seems awkward and not very clear. I prefer soil. Best, Tamara Sent on the new Sprint Network from my Samsung Galaxy S®4. CourHome June 18, 2014 8:38 AM </comment>
<comment> I would keep the same word, so earth? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 8:09 AM </comment><comment> Terre here could be translated "earth." I also wondered if "mud" would be better. But soyle is in Cotgrave under terre. CourHome June 18, 2014 8:38 AM </comment>
soil] has to be mixed with one half of sand<b> </b>
<comment> So the soil and sand would be half and half with an additional 1/4 or 1/5 of horse manure? CourHome June 17, 2014 5:51 AM </comment>
and a quarter or a fifth of <m><al>horse</al> manure</m>. And leave it to dry, then reduce it to powder, then put it through a sieve to make it fine and free from gravel, which would prevent it from casting
<comment> or cleanly? "nect" is used with this specific meaning throughout the text Mart Smith June 18, 2014 8:11 AM </comment>
neatly. The <m>manure</m> makes the <m>earth</m> more amenable [to casting] & easier to work with, but it should be free of <m>straw</m> and other things. And when the<b> </b><m>earth</m> is very fat, you have to add more sand and more <m>manure</m>. But one does find fat <m>soils</m>
<comment> Yes, that would work I think. Also, Pamela prefers earth and she would have a better sense of period usage so let's use earth and varieties of earth. -T -- Tamara Caulkins PhD Student, History of Science Oregon State University Corvallis, OR (509) 607-0491 cell CourHome June 18, 2014 4:53 PM </comment>
<comment> hmm, good point — varieties of earth? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:29 AM </comment>
<comment> I've translated this as soils, since it is plural in the French (terres). Earths plural doesn't make sense to me. CourHome June 18, 2014 4:53 PM </comment>
[that are] naturally mixed with sand. If they are not, make them so artificially. One should always cook the<b> </b><m>soils</m><b> </b>again before casting.</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_02</id>
<head>Garden lily</head>
<ab>If it is broken during its first blossom, it will not grow or bloom until the following year, and I believe it is the same for bulbous flowers [in general].</ab></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_03</id>
<head>Sand</head>
<ab>The sand to be used for casting should be chosen such that it is not too dry for it won’t hold together, nor should it be too <comment> See comment above re: thin and fat. CourHome June 17, 2014 9:54 PM </comment>fat. And although you find some in nature, however, it is not everywhere. And if you are in a place where it is not found, you can put it together yourself but not from fat <m>earth</m>, because the sand should contain none at all, since it causes a lot of <comment> Needs to be decided for the whole text. Means air bubbles in the metal being cast (not in the sand) — see below Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:29 AM </comment>air bubbles. But you can make a
<comment> Oh, binding is good! I like it.-T -- Tamara Caulkins PhD Student, History of Science Oregon State University Corvallis, OR (509) 607-0491 cell CourHome June 18, 2014 4:53 PM</comment>
<comment> correct meaning, but not sure about the word. More like "make it bind better / more binding"? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:35 AM </comment>
<comment> Liaison in Cotgrave can be translated as connexion--I assume this means getting the materials to mix well. CourHome June 18, 2014 4:51 PM </comment>
connection by mixing it with <m>brick</m> well ground on <m>marble</m>, or <m>plaster</m> or <m>calcinated alabaster</m> or something similar, or the<b> </b><m>burned marrow of <al>ox</al> horn</m> or burned <m>asphalt</m>. If you grind it quite finely on <m>porphyry</m>,<b> </b>it
<comment> your earlier transl. "to hold together" was better put than my explanation, so I'm repeating it here Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:28 AM </comment>
<comment> It becomes less liquid, like cement hardening, according to Mark Smith. CourHome June 18, 2014 9:28 AM </comment>
holds together better & then you can burn it with <m>asphalt</m><b> </b>or mix it with a quarter of <m>tripoli</m>. Make sure no <m>bread</m><b> </b>falls into your sand because this causes a lot of
<comment> (see above) Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:15 AM </comment>
<comment> Soufler --means air is being mixed in. This causes expansion and/or bubbles or porosity which makes the material brittle, according to Peta Motture and Pamela Smith. Cotgrave defines it as puffed out. CourHome June 18, 2014 9:15 AM </comment>
air bubbles.</ab>
<note>
<margin>left-middle</margin>
Try mixing in
<comment> which I have changed to suit myself :) Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:27 AM </comment>
<comment> See note in Principles of Translation. CourHome June 18, 2014 9:27 AM </comment>
soot black.</note></div>
<div>
<id>p041r_04</id>
<head><al>Ducks</al></head>
<ab>Young domestic ones do not grow for a month after hatching but remain in this state. But after, they soon grow up, even if they go into the water. They are fed boiled<b> </b><m>millet seeds</m>,
<comment> or grain? Mart Smith June 18, 2014 9:32 AM </comment>
to which are added crumbled<b> </b><m>bread</m> and finely chopped <m>lettuce</m>.</ab></div>